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KMID : 1147120170230010021
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Journal of the Korean Society of Imaging Informatics in Medicine
2017 Volume.23 No. 1 p.21 ~ p.27
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A Review of Structural Brain Networks Study: Schizophrenia
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Jeong Gang-Won
Kim Jong-Hyo
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Abstract
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Purpose of review: In this review, a structural brain network analysis using structural connectivity from magnetic resonance image (MRI) is discussed. First, the structural connectivity obtained by using MRI will be described. Then the process of the structural brain network analysis based on structural connectivity will be introduced. Finally, the results of the analysis using the structural brain network will be summarized. The purpose of this review is to provide a basic introduction to the structural brain network and highlight the importance of structural brain network analysis in the field of pathophysiological modeling brain function.
Summary: The structural connectivity refers to the anatomical connectivity of the neural elements of the brain. The structural connectivity for structural brain networks can be quantified by using morphologic variables from T1-weighted images or tractography from diffusion weighted images. Vertices (node of graph) can be allocated to certain brain regions, and edge can express connection level between brain regions. The topological characteristics of networks can be evaluated by various measurement values used in graph theory. Structural brain networks are characterized by a systematic connection of small worlds, with central hubs being highly interconnected. The results of the analysis for schizophrenia using the structural brain network showed that the brain of the patient had a high degree of segregation and low degree of integration as compared with the normal brain, and the central hubs were reorganized and connectivity is degraded. In order to accurately model the brain of patients with cerebral diseases through the structural brain network, the nature of the network must be able to directly account for the actual clinical evidence such as the symptoms and progression of the specific brain disease.
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KEYWORD
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Magnetic resonance image (MRI), Structural connectivity, Structural brain network, Graph theory, Schizophrenia
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